RESEARCH

String Figures’ concept initially started by the fascination for Inuït culture.



It is an inherited book “The People of the Polar North” written in the beginning of the 20th century by Greenlandic/Danish polar explorer and anthropologist K. Rasmussen, that opened Zoë Mc Pherson’s interest for indigenous peoples inhabiting the Arctic regions of Greenland, Canada and Alaska : Animism, nomadism, respect of nature, strong connection with animals, connection flesh, this repulsive and intriguing carnivore diet, hunting, fishing, rituals to thank the spirits that lived in the animals, drum dancing, throat singing, spiritual and shamanic practices, legends, games, flexible family structures, sense of humor, the practice of string figures,...



These above themes, almost read as fantastic tales about the Arctic population were confronted with todays digital Inuït medias (produced by locals) such as Isuma TV, Arviat film, social networks. The impact the government had in the loss of traditional knowledge and heritage is huge : children were seperated from their parents and forced into residential schools, families were forced to become settlement based, their diet changed, importing food from abroad, alcohol got introduced, seal hunt got banned, suicide started to grow and the rate is still currently very high.

Today, through healing and reconciliation, Inuit families and communities are working towards reclaiming traditional values and traditions.


These researches resulted in a compilation video Inuït zapping with humor and lightness ; a song Esk’o released on tape in 2014 and an Inuït mix with collected radio recordings, music and ethnographic sound archives broadcasted on NTS radio.




In January 2017, she interviewed Canadian Inuk throat singer, artist and activist Tanya Tagaq for Gonzo Circus magazine : “They colonize half the world and are afraid of immigrants, fuck you! […] not long ago the government wanted us all to stop living on the land and live into
communities, so that the north east passage could not be claimed by Russia. So the
government put us into these communities, even killing all of our sled dogs so we would be
stuck and then we couldn't hunt as much, we haven't had good control of our own natural
resources and with this storage of residential schools . They took all of us away with a very
abusive loss of language, loss of culture, etc.”








The Inuït spirit of the String Figures Tuutannguarjuk came through as an ideal transmedia concept for many reasons :



A global practice

In the last century, String figure activities have been documented and collected in cultures as diverse as Native American groups, the Maori in New Zealand, Aborigines in Australia, Rapanui on Easter Island, Chinese, Japanese, Korean, Bornean, Fijian, Melanesian, Hawaiian, Filipino, Papua New Guinean, Peruvian, African, New Caledonian, Indian, and Tibetan.

And even without having all the possible communication channels as we have today, string figures were practiced all over the world.



A meditative, mathematical and graphical practice

Interlacing strings into mathematical complex shapes require a certain agility, methodology and focus. Keywords are as follows :  Opening, Loop, Movements, Stretch, Attach, Relax, Transpose. Shapes evolveby making them, and aspire the person making them into evolutive graphical aesthetics.



Connecting with one another and storytelling

String figures were used to transmit important knowledge to the community, beliefs, etc.
Chanting and story-telling as an accompaniment of String Figures is almost universal.
A succession of figures and transitions form a string story. Such as this example of Navajo String Games by Grandma Margaret shows us.



Spirituality and symbolism
Inuit believed in the spirit of the String Figures : Tuutannguarjuk. It is a dangerous spirit that sometimes would attack women, and may even carry away those who become too eager to play with string figures. The Inuit evidence proves that cat's-cradle may, in part, have a magical significance and suggests a line for future inquiry. In Europe the practice had all but disappeared centuries earlier due to the association of String Figures with witchcraft, most specifically the “binding spells” involving knotting strings.

It has frequent representation of persons, incidents, or objects connected with religion or mythology.